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The Aeneid IV (351-361)

By Virgil

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Me patris Anchisae, quotiens umentibus umbris
nox operit terras, quotiens astra ignea surgunt,
admonet in somnis et turbida terret imago;
me puer Ascanius capitisque iniuria cari,
quem regno Hesperiae fraudo et fatalibus arvis.
Nunc etiam interpres divom, Iove missus ab ipso---
testor utrumque caput---celeris mandata per auras
detulit; ipse deum manifesto in lumine vidi
intrantem muros, vocemque his auribus hausi.
Desine meque tuis incendere teque querelis:
Italiam non sponte sequor.'

The troubled shade of my father, as often as night covers
the lands in dewy darkness, as often as the fiery stars alight
he admonishes and terrifies me in my sleep
My son Ascanius, and the injury of someone dear, occurs to me
whom I cheat of the rule of the Hesperian Kingdom
and of his destined lands
Now even the messenger of the gods, sent by Jupiter himself
I swear by both of our lives - bought down the orders through
the swift breezes, I myself saw the god in the light of day,
entering the city walls, I drank in the voice through these ears
Cease to set both of us aflame with your lamenting complaints.
I do not seek Italy of my own will"

Summary of analyses

me patris Anchisae | me puer Ascanius | interpres

Tricolon:

three people telling Aeneas what he ought to do to abide by his fate, supporting his arguments to leave

quotiens | , quotiens

Anaphora:

shows Aeneas' order, regularity, and, ultimately, pietas

umentibus umbris

Alliteration:

shows the elegance of Aeneas' language and his clear thinking

nox

Juxtoposition:

the contrast between dark and light is emphasised by the line-break, representing Juno versus Jupiter

admonet

Promoted Verb:

the seriousness of the admonishing to Aeneas is shown through the verb being brought to the front

turbida terret

Alliteration:

the link between sleep ('turbida') and his terror ('terret'), enhances the vivid imagery of the admonishing

celeris mandata per auras

Enclosing Word Order:

encloses the order ('mandata') between the swiftness ('celeris') and the grace ('auras'), enhancing the imagery of Mercury

detulit

Enjambement:

orders are literally carried down the lines, on to the next line

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